20 Popular Types Of Citrus Pictorial Guide

Citrus is a genus of plants belonging to the family Rutaceae, which includes a wide variety of fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, and tangerines. Citrus fruits are widely popular for their refreshing taste, rich flavor, and health benefits. They are commonly consumed fresh, juiced, or used as ingredients in a range of culinary dishes and beverages.

The history of citrus dates back to ancient times, with the origin of citrus trees believed to be in Southeast Asia. The first recorded mention of citrus fruits was in Chinese literature from the 4th century BC. Later, they were introduced to the Mediterranean region by traders and explorers, and then to the Americas by Spanish and Portuguese explorers in the 15th century.

Today, citrus fruits are cultivated in many parts of the world, with major producers including Brazil, China, the United States, and Spain. Citrus trees are usually grown in subtropical and tropical regions, where they can thrive in warm and humid conditions. They are typically grown as trees or bushes and can reach heights of up to 15 meters.

Citrus fruits are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which provide numerous health benefits. They are high in vitamin C, which is essential for maintaining healthy skin, bones, and teeth, as well as boosting the immune system. Citrus fruits are also a good source of fiber, potassium, and folate, which are important for maintaining heart health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cancer.

In addition to their health benefits, citrus fruits are widely used in culinary dishes and beverages. They are commonly used as a flavoring agent in salads, marinades, and sauces and are a popular ingredient in desserts such as cakes, pies, and tarts. Citrus fruits are also commonly used in beverages, such as fruit juices, cocktails, and smoothies.

Citrus fruits have a unique flavor and aroma that is attributed to their essential oils. The essential oils are extracted from the peel and are used in a range of products, such as perfumes, cosmetics, and cleaning products. Citrus essential oils are also used in aromatherapy to promote relaxation and reduce stress.

Despite their numerous health benefits and culinary uses, citrus fruits are not without their challenges. One of the biggest challenges faced by citrus growers is disease. Citrus trees are susceptible to a range of diseases, such as citrus canker, citrus greening, and citrus black spot. These diseases can cause significant damage to citrus crops, resulting in reduced yields and increased costs.

In conclusion, citrus fruits are an important and popular fruit group that offers numerous health benefits, culinary uses, and industrial applications. They are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants and are commonly used in a range of culinary dishes and beverages.

However, they face significant challenges from diseases, which can cause significant damage to citrus crops. Despite these challenges, citrus fruits remain an important and valuable fruit group that will continue to be enjoyed for generations to come.

Here are 20 Popular Types Of Citrus Pictorial Guide:

Orange (Citrus Sinensis)

The Orange (Citrus Sinensis) is a citrus fruit that is round or oblong in shape with a bright orange skin and sweet, juicy flesh. It is a popular fruit that is grown in many tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Oranges are a rich source of vitamin C and are often consumed fresh or used in a variety of culinary applications, including juices, marmalades, and desserts. The fruit is also commonly used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments due to its high nutrient content.

Lemon (Citrus Limon)

The Lemon (Citrus Limon) is a small, yellow fruit with a sour taste and acidic juice. It belongs to the citrus family and is commonly used in culinary and medicinal applications. The tree on which lemons grow is evergreen, with fragrant white flowers that bloom in the spring and early summer. Lemons are an excellent source of vitamin C and are used in a variety of dishes, including drinks, desserts, and savory meals. They are also commonly used in household cleaning and personal care products.

Lime (Citrus Aurantifolia)

Lime (Citrus Aurantifolia) is a small citrus fruit with a green, thin skin and juicy, acidic pulp. It is commonly used for its tart, refreshing flavor in beverages, cooking, and as a garnish. Limes are rich in vitamin C and have been linked to health benefits such as improved digestion and immunity. They are grown in tropical and subtropical regions and are a popular ingredient in many cuisines around the world.

Grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi)

Grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi) is a subtropical citrus tree known for its large, round fruit with a sour and bitter taste. The fruit is typically yellow or pink in color and is commonly consumed as a breakfast food or used in salads and cocktails. Grapefruit is also known for its high vitamin C content and health benefits, including weight loss and improved cardiovascular health. The tree is widely cultivated in warm climates around the world, particularly in the United States, Brazil, and Israel.

Tangerine (Citrus Reticulata)

The Tangerine (Citrus Reticulata) is a citrus fruit that is smaller and sweeter than an orange, with a bright orange-red peel that is easy to peel. It is a member of the mandarin family and is believed to have originated in Southeast Asia. Tangerines are rich in vitamin C and have a juicy, flavorful pulp that is often enjoyed fresh or used in desserts, salads, and other dishes. They are commonly available during the winter months and are a popular fruit around the world.

Mandarin (Citrus Reticulata)

Mandarin, also known as Citrus Reticulata, is a small citrus fruit with a thin, easy-to-peel skin and sweet, juicy segments. It is believed to have originated in China and is now widely cultivated in many parts of the world, including Europe, North America, and Southeast Asia.

Mandarins are popular for their bright orange color and refreshing taste, and they are often used in salads, desserts, and as a healthy snack. They are also a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, making them a nutritious addition to any diet.

Pomelo (Citrus Maxima)

Pomelo (Citrus Maxima) is a large citrus fruit that is native to Southeast Asia. It is similar in appearance to grapefruit, but with a thicker rind and a milder, sweeter flavor. Pomelos are commonly eaten fresh or used in salads and are also used in traditional medicine for their potential health benefits, including improved digestion and immunity. They are a rich source of vitamin C, fiber, and other nutrients. Pomelo trees are also cultivated for their ornamental value, with their lush foliage and fragrant flowers.

Bergamot (Citrus Bergamia)

Bergamot (Citrus Bergamia) is a citrus fruit tree that is primarily grown for its fragrant essential oil, which is used in a variety of products, including perfumes, soaps, and teas. The fruit itself is small and bitter and is not typically eaten fresh. Bergamot is believed to have originated in Italy but is now cultivated in other regions with a similar climate, such as France and Turkey. In addition to its use in aromatherapy and cosmetics, bergamot oil is also used in traditional medicine for its potential benefits, including reducing stress and anxiety and improving digestion.

Citron (Citrus Medica)

Citron (Citrus Medica) is a citrus fruit tree that is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated citrus species. It has a thick, bumpy rind and a mild, acidic flavor. Citrons are primarily used for their zest and rind in cooking and baking and are also used in traditional medicine for their potential health benefits, including improving digestion and reducing inflammation. Citron trees are native to the Mediterranean region but are now cultivated in other warm, subtropical areas as well. They are also sometimes grown for their ornamental value, with their lush foliage and fragrant flowers.

Kaffir Lime (Citrus Hystrix)

Kaffir Lime (Citrus Hystrix) is a small citrus tree that is primarily grown for its aromatic leaves and fruit. The fruit is small, green, and bumpy, with a highly acidic juice and little pulp. The leaves, which are highly fragrant, are used in a variety of Southeast Asian cuisines, particularly Thai and Indonesian, to add flavor and aroma to dishes such as curries and soups. Kaffir lime is also used in traditional medicine for its potential health benefits, including improved digestion and reduced inflammation. Kaffir lime trees are native to Southeast Asia and are now cultivated in other warm, tropical regions as well.

Blood Orange (Citrus Sinensis)

The Blood Orange (Citrus Sinensis) is a variety of sweet orange with a distinctive deep red or burgundy flesh. Its name comes from the crimson color of its pulp, which is caused by the presence of anthocyanin, a natural pigment that develops in the fruit’s flesh when exposed to colder temperatures at night. Blood oranges are primarily grown in Mediterranean regions and are valued for their unique flavor, which is sweeter and less acidic than other oranges, as well as their striking appearance. They are commonly used in salads, cocktails, and desserts and are a rich source of vitamin C and other antioxidants.

Key Lime (Citrus Aurantifolia)

Key Lime (Citrus Aurantifolia) is a small, round citrus fruit that is typically 2–3 cm in diameter. It is green when unripe and turns yellow when fully ripe. The fruit has a thin, smooth skin that is rich in essential oils, and its acidic juice is highly aromatic and flavorful. Key limes are primarily grown in tropical regions and are named after the Florida Keys, where they were first cultivated. They are commonly used in cooking and baking, particularly in the famous Key lime pie, and are also used to flavor drinks, sauces, and marinades. Key limes are a rich source of vitamin C and other antioxidants.

Calamondin (Citrus × Microcarpa)

Calamondin (Citrus  Microcarpa) is a hybrid citrus fruit that is a cross between a mandarin orange and a kumquat. It is small, round, and orange in color when ripe, with a thin, fragrant skin that is edible. The flesh is juicy and tart, with a flavor that is a blend of sour orange and sweet lime.

Calamondin is primarily grown in the Philippines and other Southeast Asian countries and is a popular ingredient in local cuisine, used in dishes such as sauces, marinades, and beverages. It is also used to make jam and as a decorative plant. Calamondin is a good source of vitamin C and other antioxidants.

Limequat (Citrus × Floridana)

The Limequat (Citrus Floridana) is a small, round citrus fruit that is a hybrid between a key lime and a kumquat. It is similar in appearance to a small lime, with a thin, smooth skin that ranges from green to yellow in color when ripe. The flesh is juicy and acidic, with a tangy flavor that is a blend of lime and kumquat. Limequats are primarily grown in Florida and other parts of the United States and are used in cooking, baking, and cocktail making. They are also popular as a decorative plant due to their small size and ornamental value. Limequats provide an excellent source of vitamin C and other antioxidants that are good for health.

Meyer Lemon (Citrus × Meyeri)

Meyer Lemon (Citrus Meyeri) is a hybrid citrus fruit that is a cross between a lemon and a mandarin orange. It is a small, round fruit with a thin, smooth, and bright yellow-orange skin. The flesh is juicy and fragrant, with a sweeter, less acidic taste than regular lemons. Meyer lemons are primarily grown in California and other parts of the United States, as well as in China and Japan. They are popular in cooking and baking and are used in a variety of dishes, such as sauces, marinades, and desserts. Meyer lemons are also used to flavor drinks and are a common ingredient in cocktails. They are a rich source of vitamin C and other antioxidants.

Yuzu (Citrus Junos)

Yuzu (Citrus Junos) is a small, round citrus fruit that is primarily grown in Japan, Korea, and China. It is similar in appearance to a small grapefruit, with a rough, textured skin that ranges in color from green to yellow. The flesh is tart and fragrant, with a complex flavor that is a blend of sour lemon, sweet mandarin, and fragrant grapefruit. Yuzu is primarily used in cooking, particularly in Japanese cuisine, where it is used to flavor sauces, marinades, dressings, and desserts. It is also used to flavor drinks and is a common ingredient in cocktails. Yuzu is a good source of vitamin C and other antioxidants.

Ugli Fruit (Citrus Reticulata × Citrus Paradisi)

Ugly Fruit is a citrus hybrid between a mandarin and a grapefruit. It has a rough, greenish-yellow skin that is easy to peel and a sweet and tart flavor similar to that of an orange. The fruit is juicy and seedless, making it easy to eat, and is commonly used in juices and salads. Ugli fruit is primarily grown in Jamaica and is available in markets worldwide during the winter months.

Sudachi (Citrus Sudachi)

Sudachi is a small, round citrus fruit native to Japan. It is similar in size to a lime, with a bright green, thin, and bumpy skin. The fruit has a tart, acidic flavor with a slightly sweet undertone and is commonly used in Japanese cuisine for its distinct flavor and fragrance. Sudachi is a popular ingredient in dressings, sauces, and marinades and is often used to flavor seafood dishes. The fruit is primarily grown in Japan, particularly in the Tokushima prefecture, and is available in markets during the winter months. Sudachi is also used in the production of traditional Japanese condiments such as ponzu sauce and yuzu-kosho.

Ponderosa Lemon (Citrus Limon × Citrus Medica)

The Ponderosa Lemon is a large citrus fruit believed to be a hybrid between a lemon and a citron. It has a thick, bumpy skin that is yellow to green in color and can range from smooth to rough. The fruit has a tangy, acidic flavor with a hint of sweetness and is commonly used in culinary applications, particularly in desserts and drinks. Ponderosa lemons are larger than regular lemons and can weigh up to two pounds. They are primarily grown in California and are available in markets during the fall and winter months. The fruit is also used for its fragrant oil, which is extracted from the peel and used in perfumes, cosmetics, and aromatherapy.

Australian Finger Lime (Citrus Australasica)

The Australian Finger Lime is a unique citrus fruit native to Australia. It is a small, elongated fruit that resembles a finger, hence its name. The fruit has a thin, delicate skin that comes in a range of colors from green to pink to red, and its pulp is filled with small, juice-filled vesicles that pop in the mouth, giving it a unique texture.

The flavor of the fruit is tangy and acidic, with a hint of sweetness, and is commonly used as a garnish or in desserts, salads, and cocktails. The Australian finger lime is primarily grown in the subtropical rainforests of Australia and is available in markets from May to September. The fruit is also known for its high concentration of vitamin C and antioxidants.

How To Grow And Care For Citrus

Citrus trees are a popular and versatile addition to any garden or backyard. They are not only beautiful, but they also produce delicious fruits that can be used in a variety of recipes. Here are some tips for growing and caring for citrus trees:

Choose the right tree: When selecting a citrus tree, make sure to choose a variety that is suitable for your climate. Citrus trees prefer warm, sunny climates with mild winters. Some popular varieties include oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, and mandarins.

Planting: Citrus trees should be planted in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. They should be planted in a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Dig a hole that is twice as wide and as deep as the root ball, and backfill it with soil mixed with compost.

Watering: Citrus trees require regular watering, especially during their first year. Water thoroughly once a week in the growing season and less frequently in the winter. Do not add too much water, as this can lead to root rot.

Fertilizing: Citrus trees should be fertilized three times a year, in late winter, late spring, and mid-summer. Use a citrus-specific fertilizer that is high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Pruning: Prune your citrus tree in late winter or early spring, before new growth appears. Remove any dead or diseased branches, and thin out crowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration.

Pest control: Citrus trees are prone to several pests, including aphids, spider mites, and scale insects. Monitor your tree regularly for signs of infestation, and treat with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil as needed.

Harvesting: Citrus fruits are ready for harvest when they are fully colored and feel heavy for their size. Use pruning shears or a sharp knife to remove the fruit from the tree, leaving a small stem attached.

By following these tips, you can successfully grow and care for your citrus tree and enjoy delicious fruits for years to come.

How To Propagate Citrus

Propagation of citrus trees can be done in several ways, including through seed propagation, grafting, and cuttings. Here are some general steps for each method:

Seed propagation:

• Collect seeds from ripe citrus fruit and clean them.
• Soak the seeds in water for a day to soften their outer coating, which will make them easier to germinate.
• Fill a seed tray with seed starting mix, and plant the seeds about 1/2 inch deep.
• Keep the soil moist and warm, ideally between 70 and 85°F (21 and 29°C).
• Germination can take anywhere from 1–3 weeks. Once the seedlings have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted into larger pots or directly into the ground.

Grafting:

• Select a healthy rootstock plant and a scion, which is a branch from the desired citrus tree that contains the desired fruit variety.
• Cut the scion at an angle to match the cut on the rootstock. The cut should be made at a 45-degree angle, and the two pieces should fit together snugly.
• Use grafting tape or rubber bands to secure the two pieces together.
• Keep the grafted plant in a warm, humid environment, such as a greenhouse or enclosed porch, until the graft has taken and the plant begins to grow.

Cuttings:

• Select a healthy branch from a mature citrus tree, ideally one that is not producing fruit.
• Cut a 6–8-iinch (15–20 cm) section of the branch, making sure to include a few nodes.
• Remove any leaves from the bottom half of the cutting.
• Dip the cut end of the cutting in rooting hormone powder, and plant it in a pot filled with damp soil or sand.
• Cover the pot with a plastic bag to create a humid environment and keep the soil moist.
• After a few weeks, check for root growth by gently tugging on the cutting. If it resists, roots have formed, and the plant can be transplanted into a larger pot or directly into the ground.

Top 5 FAQ And Answers For Citrus

Q: What are citrus fruits?

A: Citrus fruits are a type of fruit that belong to the family Rutaceae. They are typically characterized by their juicy pulp, acidic flavor, and high levels of vitamin C. Examples of citrus fruits include oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, and tangerines.

Q: What are the health benefits of citrus fruits?

A: Citrus fruits are packed with nutrients and are a good source of vitamin C, which is essential for immune system function, collagen production, and iron absorption. They also contain fiber, potassium, folate, and other beneficial compounds that may help lower the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and some types of cancer.

Q: How should I store citrus fruits?

A: Citrus fruits should be stored at room temperature for up to a week, or in the refrigerator for up to two weeks. Make sure to keep them in a well-ventilated area to prevent mold or spoilage.

Q: Can I eat the peel of citrus fruits?

A: The peel of some citrus fruits, such as oranges and lemons, is edible and can be used in recipes as a flavoring or garnish. However, it is often bitter and may be difficult to digest, so it is important to wash it thoroughly and remove any wax or pesticide residue before consuming.

Q: Are there any risks or side effects associated with consuming citrus fruits?

A: Citrus fruits are generally safe for most people to consume in moderation. However, some people may be allergic to citrus fruits or experience digestive symptoms such as heartburn or acid reflux if they consume too much. Additionally, citrus fruits can interact with certain medications, such as statins and blood thinners, so it is important to talk to your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.

Top 10 Interesting Facts About Citrus

1. Citrus fruits are believed to have originated in Southeast Asia and have been cultivated for thousands of years.
2. The term “citrus” refers to a group of fruits that includes oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, tangerines, and more.
3. Citrus fruits are an excellent source of vitamin C, which is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system.
4. Citrus fruits are not only used for their juice and pulp, but their peels are also used in cooking and baking to add flavor and aroma.
5. The first recorded cultivation of oranges was in China in 2500 BC.
6. Citrus fruits were introduced to Europe during the Middle Ages by Arab traders.
7. Brazil is the largest producer of oranges, followed by the United States and Mexico.
8. The scent of citrus has been shown to have a positive effect on mood and reduce stress.
9. Grapefruits were originally called “forbidden fruit” because they were believed to be a hybrid of a pomelo and a sweet orange.
10. The world’s largest citrus fruit is the pomelo, which can grow up to two feet in diameter and weigh up to 25 pounds.